Designations on cargo are intended to inform about their nature, as well as the conditions of transportation and storage. Marking is applied to the product itself, packaging, special tags or labels that are glued or otherwise attached to the cargo. The main condition is that it is easy to read and placed in a visible area.
Types of information in cargo designations
The information indicated in the labeling is divided into the following types:
- Commodity – information about the name of the product, its variety, release time, as well as the order number if necessary.
- Dispatch – contains information about the address and name of the recipient and sender, characteristics – gross and net weight, overall dimensions, for international transportation is indicated in two languages indicated in the work order. If a port or transshipment station is expected, this information is also included in the marking.
- Transport – contains information about the consignment of goods, the number of pieces and the number of the package.
- Special includes signs informing about methods of storing and transporting cargo.
For example, there is special marking for fragile, perishable goods, for goods that are susceptible to moisture, sunlight and any type of radiation. Special markings may indicate the temperature range in which storage and transportation are allowed. Other designations are intended for loading and unloading operations. For example, they indicate that the box must not be lifted with hooks or forklifts, there are stacking restrictions, and the load must not be rolled.
Some symbols indicate certain areas on the package that cannot or, on the contrary, should be grasped with clamps, places where the package is opened, the location of the center of gravity, areas where the rope should pass during the loading process.
Indications for the carriage of goods are applied in black, red or blue paint on a white background with a recommended aspect ratio of 2:3. All symbols must be applied in strict accordance with GOST 14192-96, which ensures their correct reading under any conditions.
The same document regulates the location of the marking. It is determined depending on the type and method of packaging, as well as on the type of designation. But the general rule is the same for everyone and states that the markings must be placed in a visible place, be easy to read and securely fastened.
Dangerous goods have their own marking method in accordance with GOST 19433. In accordance with this document, the marking must contain a danger sign and the number of an emergency card, which provides instructions on measures to prevent harm to health and the environment in the event of emergencies involving dangerous goods .
Correct marking of the cargo helps to deliver it exactly to the address and eliminates the possibility of its loss, ensures safety during storage, transportation and loading and unloading operations, preventing damage to the cargo and packaging, as well as harm to personnel and equipment, warns about dangerous cargo.
