A transport company engaged in the transportation of goods, in order to avoid situations that could lead to damage to property, harm to health and jeopardize the safety of the vehicle, must comply with all safety requirements when transporting goods. These requirements apply to:
- carrying out loading and unloading operations and placement of goods,
- general technical condition of the vehicle,
- and also the driver carrying out the transportation.
During loading and unloading operations, loads should be placed and secured in such a way as to prevent objects from falling from the body or imbalance of the vehicle due to displacement of the contents.
The goods are distributed evenly over the entire area of the body closer to the axes of symmetry, ensuring maximum stability, and are secured inside the body using:
- chains
- ropes
- or belts.
In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the weight of the transported cargo does not exceed the standards established for this vehicle.
Before entering the line, the vehicle must be checked by a mechanic to ensure the serviceability of its chassis and signaling equipment. The serviceability and reliability of the cargo fastenings are checked separately.
Ensuring the safety of cargo transportation by road is only possible if the driver undergoes a medical examination before the route, which reveals alcohol or drug intoxication, as well as health problems. On the route, the driver is obliged to:
- observe speed limits, traffic rules,
- not deviate from the chosen course,
- be able to promptly identify emerging violations in the operation of the vehicle.
The driver should not spend more hours on the road than the established norms; it is necessary to observe a work and rest schedule so that weakening of attention does not lead to emergency situations on the road. If the route involves travel beyond the established norms, then two drivers working in shifts must participate in the transportation.
Safety requirements for the transportation of dangerous goods
Particularly stringent requirements for the safety of cargo transportation by road are imposed if it is classified as oversized or dangerous. Its route is separately agreed upon by the Rostransnadzor division. The vehicle must be designed to transport this type of cargo.
In addition, the driver must have sufficient experience and undergo additional training on the rules for eliminating the consequences of harm caused by dangerous cargo to human health and the environment in the event of emergency situations. Vehicles are equipped with appropriate markings, and, if necessary, they are accompanied by support vehicles or traffic police officers.
